Pronouns are a part of speech that can have nominal or adjectival functions. They express the following categories: - person (first, second, third) - personal, possessive and demonstrative - gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) - personal pronouns for the 3rd p.sg. and pl., demonstrative, possessive and relative pronouns - number (singular, plural) - personal, possessive, demonstrative and relative and - case - all pronouns
Personal pronouns Personal pronouns agree in gender and case with the noun they replace. They are defined by three categories: person, number and case.
sg
pl
1. person
ja
I
mi
we
2. person
ti
you
vi
you
3. person
m
on
he
m
oni
they
f
ona
she
f
one
n
ono
it
n
ona
Only the third person pronouns have different forms for masculine, feminine and neuter gender, both in singular and plural.
Using the 2nd p.pl. of a personal pronoun to address only one person is a polite way of communication. Then we write it with the first letter capitalized and the required verb is in the 2nd p.pl. e.g. Kako se Vi zovete? Kako ste se Vi zvali?
Declension
sg
Nom
ja
ti
on
ona
ono
Gen
mene, me
tebe, te
njega, ga
nje, je
njega, ga
Dat
meni, mi
tebi, ti
njemu, mu
njoj, joj
njemu, mu
Acc
=Gen
=Gen
=Gen
nju/ju, je
=Gen
Instr
mnom
tobom
njim
njom
njim
Loc
meni
tebi
njemu
njoj
njemu
pl
Nom
mi
vi
oni
one
ona
Gen
nas, nas
vas, vas
njih, ih
Dat
nama, nam
vama, vam
njima, im
Acc
=Gen
=Gen
=Gen
Instr
nama
vama
njima
Loc
nama
vama
njima
Pronouns of each person in the genitive, the dative and the accusative both in the singular and the plural have long (stressed) and short (unstressed) forms. As for the shorm and long forms they differ from one another in accent and do not stay in the same position in a sentence. - The long forms are used when emphasizing information or at the beginning of a sentence. e.g. Gen: Bojim se tebe. / Tebe se bojim. Dat: Pričam tebi. / Tebi pričam. Acc: Vidim tebe. / Tebe vidim. - The short forms (so-called enclitics) are used in neutral speech and never used at the beginning of a sentence. Their usual place is in the second position in a sentence. e.g. Gen: Bojim te se. Dat: Pričam ti. Acc: Vidim te.
The reflexive pronoun SEBE / SE
Reflexive pronoun sebe is a personal pronoun for each person and is the same for all persons and genders both in singular and plural. There is no form for the nominative and the vocative with this pronoun. It relates directly to the subject.
Nom
-
Gen
sebe
Dat
sebi
Acc
sebe, se
Voc
-
Instr
sobom
Loc
sebi
e.g. On pravi budalu od sebe. On sebi kupuje sendvič. Ona se/sebe gleda u ogledalo. On nije zadovoljan sobom. Oni govore o sebi.
The reflexive pronoun sebe has only one short form in the accusative. Can be used with reflexive verbs such as: oblačiti se, umivati se, češljati se etc. short form SE informs us that the subject is doing something to himself. e.g. Ona se oblači/umiva/češlja.
You can try below what you have just lernt. Write your answer and press Enter Fill in the gaps using the following words: ja, ti, on, ona, mi, vi, oni, one. si Vladimir. je Vera. sam Maja. je Zoran. smo Marina i Marko. su Vladimir i Marko. si Marko. su Milica i Maja. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate short forms of the personal pronouns in the accusative. Ja pitam a on ne odgovara. Da li vidiš Maju i dedu? Da, vidim . Petrovići su dobri ljudi. Da li poznaješ? Maja je dobro dete. Deda voli. Šta zanima, Zorane? Zanimaju me igračke. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate personal pronouns in the locative. - Rok muzika je jako zanimljiva. Jovan puno zna o . - Jovane, da li si razmišljao nekada o ? Jesam, Marina, naravno. - Vi ste porodica Petrović. Jovan puno priča o . - Jovan upoznaje Marinu i Luku. Ja mnogo znam o . I mi o . - Ovo je taj supermarket. U kupujemo hleb i mleko. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate personal pronouns in the instrumental. Jovan: Marina, da li želiš da ideš sa kod Vlade na žurku? Marina: Ja volim svuda da idem sa . Marina i Jovan: Petre, da li želiš da ideš sa na žurku kod Vlade? Petar: Da, vrlo rado ću ići sa na žurku kod Vlade. Fill in the gaps with the short forms of personal pronouns in the accusative, rather than the appropriate nouns. - Da li vidiš onu devojku? Da, vidim . - Čekam Marka već 10 minuta. Čekam već 10 minuta. - Ja volim Marka. Ja volim. - Moj brat i ja smo dobra deca. Naši roditelji jako vole. - Pitam tebe i tvoje drugove da li znate gde se nalazi Japan. Pitam da li znate gde se nalazi Japan. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate forms of the personal pronouns. Tanja i Miloš su mlad bračni par. treba stan. (Oni) Dobar dan! Drago je da ste došli. (ja) Dobar dan! Drago je da ste došli. (mi) Kako se dopada Beograd? (vi) Ja volim grupu Bijelo dugme. Slušam od detinjstva. (oni) Čekaj ! Evo, stižem. (ja) Mene zanima fotografija, a šta zanima? (ti) Danas je mojoj prijateljici rođendan. Pokloniću knjigu. (ona) Fill in the gaps with the long forms of the appropriate pronoun in the appropriate case. - Maja je Tanjina ćerka. Tanja jako voli. - Branka i Petar su Majini baba i deda. Maja jako voli. - Jovane, da li vidiš onog čoveka? svaki dan vidim u ovo vreme. - Da li kod , u vašoj zemlji, ljudi vole da rade? Da, kod , u našoj zemlji, ljudi vole da rade. - Majo, ovo su Milica i Miloš. Da li ih se sećaš? Nje se sećam ali ne. -Profesor Petrović je veoma strog. se studenti plaše. -Šta radi tvoj brat Jovan. Često razmišljam o . Fill in the gaps with the appropriate cases of the reflexive pronoun SEBE/SE. Ne volim da razmišljam o . Marija voli da oblači sportski. sam napravila kafu. Ona je zaljubljena u . Zašto nisi zadovoljan ? Mnogo očekujete od .